TLC Insurance in NYC (2025/26 Guide): Requirements, PIP & FH-1

Complete guide to NYC TLC insurance requirements, updated for 2025/26 regulatory changes. Covers minimum limits by vehicle class, PIP reform, FH-1 certificate process, and official compliance requirements.

Last Updated: January 2025 | Sources: NYC TLC, NYC Mayor's Office, NY DMV

🚨 Recent Regulatory Updates

  • July 1, 2025: PIP reduced to $100,000 per Local Law 90 (Mayor's Office)
  • January 1, 2026: New insurance rules effective (TLC Rule PDF)

What is TLC Insurance & Who Needs It?

TLC Insurance is commercial vehicle insurance specifically required by the NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission (TLC) for all licensed for-hire vehicles operating in New York City. This includes:

  • Black Car Base: Uber, Lyft, and app-based services (1-7 passengers)
  • Livery/Car Service: Traditional neighborhood car services
  • Luxury Base: High-end transportation services
  • Taxi: Yellow and green cabs

🚨 Important Regulatory Updates

NYC has implemented significant insurance rule changes effective January 1, 2026, including: allowance of excess policies, 24/7 coverage requirements, and updated carrier authorization requirements.View official TLC insurance requirements

Minimum Coverage by Vehicle Class & Capacity

Vehicle ClassPassenger CapacityLiability MinimumPIP (No-Fault)Effective Date
Black Car/Livery1-7 passengers$100,000/$300,000$100,000*Current
Luxury Base1-7 passengers$500,000/$1,000,000$100,000*Current
Yellow/Green Taxi1-7 (per TLC bands)$100,000/$300,000 + $10,000 PD$100,000*Current
Black Car/Livery8-15 passengers$200,000/$500,000 + $50,000 PD$100,000*Current
Black Car/Livery16-20 passengers$500,000/$1,000,000 + $100,000 PD$100,000*Current
Luxury Base8-15 passengers$750,000/$1,500,000 + $100,000 PD$100,000*Current
Luxury Base16-20 passengers$1,000,000/$2,000,000 + $200,000 PD$100,000*Current

*PIP reduced from $200,000 to $100,000 effective 2025 per Local Law 90. Requirements sourced from official TLC Vehicle Insurance Requirements PDF (2021) - note: PIP amounts updated per 2025 legislation.

What Changed in 2025/26? Major Regulatory Updates

2025 PIP Reform (Effective Now)

NYC legislation lowered required Personal Injury Protection (PIP) from $200,000 to $100,000 per person to reduce insurance costs for drivers. This change affects all TLC vehicle classes.View Mayor's office announcement

2026 TLC Insurance Rules (Effective January 1, 2026)

  • Excess Policies Allowed: Insurance companies can now use excess policies to meet minimum requirements
  • 24/7 Coverage Required: Continuous coverage mandate eliminates coverage gaps
  • Carrier Authorization: Removes "solvent" language, requires carriers "authorized in NY"
  • Enhanced Documentation: VIN reporting and declarations page requirements

View official TLC insurance rule (PDF) |NYC Rules portal

FH-1 Certificate: What It Is & How to Get It

The FH-1 certificate from NY DMV proves your vehicle has proper TLC insurance. Required for TLC license renewal and vehicle registration.

Step-by-Step FH-1 Process:

  1. Obtain TLC insurance policy with proper coverage limits
  2. Request FH-1 certificate from your insurance carrier
  3. Submit to NY DMV (processing time: 5-10 business days)
  4. Upload approved FH-1 to TLC Up system
  5. Verify acceptance in TLC Up before license expiration

TLC Up: Upload & Update Insurance Proof

The TLC Up system is where you manage your vehicle license, upload insurance documents, and check renewal status.

How to Update Insurance with TLC:

Method 1: TLC Up Online System

  1. Log into TLC Up with your license number
  2. Navigate to "Vehicle License" section
  3. Click "Update Insurance Information"
  4. Upload your current declarations page
  5. Upload approved FH-1 certificate
  6. Verify all information matches exactly
  7. Submit for TLC review

Method 2: Email Submission

Email updated insurance documents directly to TLC:

  • Email: TLCinsurance@tlc.nyc.gov
  • Required docs: FH-1 certificate + declarations page
  • Subject: Insurance Update - [Your TLC License Number]

Steps to Getting TLC Insurance and Registering your car

Follow this comprehensive process to get TLC-compliant insurance and register your vehicle. Each step is essential for legal operation in NYC.

1

Get TLC License

Apply for your TLC driver license through the TLC website. Complete required training, background check, and medical exam.

  • Submit TLC driver application
  • Complete drug test and medical exam
  • Pass background check
  • Complete TLC defensive driving course
⏱️ Timeline: 2-4 weeks
2

Choose Your Vehicle

Select a TLC-eligible vehicle that meets age, safety, and inspection requirements for your intended base type.

  • Vehicle must be 15 years old or newer
  • Pass TLC safety inspection
  • Meet capacity requirements for your base
  • Install required equipment (meter, partition if needed)
⏱️ Timeline: 1-2 weeks
3

Shop for TLC Insurance

Get quotes from TLC-approved insurance carriers. Compare coverage limits, deductibles, and premium costs.

  • Contact multiple carriers authorized in NY
  • Compare liability and PIP coverage options
  • Review deductibles and payment terms
  • Verify carrier is authorized to do business in NY
⏱️ Timeline: 3-5 days
4

Purchase TLC Insurance Policy

Purchase your chosen policy and ensure it meets all TLC minimum requirements for your vehicle class.

  • Review policy declarations page carefully
  • Confirm coverage meets TLC minimums
  • Set up payment method
  • Request FH-1 certificate from carrier
⏱️ Timeline: 1-2 days
5

Obtain FH-1 Certificate

Work with your insurance carrier to obtain the official FH-1 certificate from NY DMV proving TLC compliance.

  • Insurance carrier submits FH-1 application
  • NY DMV processes and approves certificate
  • Receive official FH-1 document
  • Keep copies for your records
⏱️ Timeline: 5-10 business days
6

Register Vehicle with TLC

Submit your vehicle registration application to TLC along with all required documentation and fees.

  • Complete TLC vehicle license application
  • Submit FH-1 certificate and insurance docs
  • Pay TLC vehicle license fees
  • Schedule and pass TLC vehicle inspection
⏱️ Timeline: 1-2 weeks
7

Upload to TLC Up System

Upload all insurance documents and certificates to the TLC Up online system for verification and compliance tracking.

  • Log into TLC Up portal
  • Upload current declarations page
  • Upload FH-1 certificate
  • Verify all information matches
⏱️ Timeline: 1 day
8

Start Driving Legally

Once approved, you can begin operating legally in NYC. Maintain current insurance and renew before expiration.

  • Receive TLC vehicle license approval
  • Display TLC license in vehicle
  • Keep insurance documents in vehicle
  • Set renewal reminders for insurance and licenses
✅ Ready to operate!

📅 Total Process Timeline

Typical completion time: 6-10 weeks from start to finish. Plan ahead and begin the process early to avoid delays in starting your driving career.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do Uber/Lyft cover me in NYC?

In NYC, you must carry TLC insurance at all times. Uber provides some coverage during trips, but Lyft does not procure insurance for TLC trips at all. Your TLC insurance is primary coverage, not supplemental. Outside NYC, standard rideshare phase coverage applies.

Can I split coverage between carriers?

Yes, starting January 1, 2026. The new TLC rule allows split coverage (e.g., primary + excess policies) to meet minimum requirements, provided each carrier is authorized to do business in New York. Before 2026, only single primary policies were allowed.

What if my insurer becomes insolvent?

The 2026 rule change requires carriers to be "authorized in NY" rather than just "solvent." This provides additional protection through NY's Insurance Guaranty Fund if needed.

How long does FH-1 processing take?

NY DMV typically processes FH-1 certificates in 5-10 business days. Plan ahead and submit well before your renewal deadline to avoid license lapses.

What's the difference between excess and primary policies?

Starting January 1, 2026, excess policies will be allowed to meet TLC minimums. Excess policies provide coverage above a certain threshold, potentially reducing costs.

Get Started with Your TLC Insurance Quote

Ready to get compliant TLC insurance that meets all 2025/26 requirements? Our licensed brokers understand the latest regulations and work with carriers authorized to do business in New York.

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Legal Disclaimer

Important: This guide provides general information about TLC insurance requirements and should not be considered legal or insurance advice. Regulations change frequently. Always verify current requirements with the NYC TLC and consult with licensed insurance professionals. Coverage availability and rates depend on individual circumstances and carrier underwriting.

Sources: Information compiled from NYC Taxi & Limousine Commission, NYC Mayor's Office, NY Department of Motor Vehicles, and NYC Rules. Last verified: January 2025.